Models in Table 2 excluding treaties with reservations
|
| Dependent variable: |
| |
| OLS | OLS | Poisson | Poisson |
| MEAs | MEAs | MEAs + BEAs | MEAs + BEAs | MEAs | MEAs | MEAs + BEAs | MEAs + BEAs |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) |
|
Term limit | -0.339** | -0.198 | -0.365** | -0.271 | -0.050** | -0.029 | -0.051** | -0.037 |
| (0.134) | (0.168) | (0.160) | (0.212) | (0.019) | (0.022) | (0.021) | (0.029) |
Real GDP/capita (log) | 0.447*** | 0.038 | 0.500*** | -0.305 | 0.066*** | -0.054 | 0.078*** | -0.094** |
| (0.062) | (0.209) | (0.079) | (0.266) | (0.009) | (0.034) | (0.011) | (0.042) |
Change in real GDP/capita (pct.) | 0.004*** | 0.001 | 0.006*** | 0.002* | 0.0004 | -0.0001 | 0.001** | 0.0002 |
| (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.0004) | (0.0004) | (0.0003) | (0.0003) |
Experience with democracy | -0.006*** | -0.040* | -0.002 | -0.062** | -0.001*** | -0.006 | -0.0003 | -0.009** |
| (0.002) | (0.021) | (0.002) | (0.026) | (0.0002) | (0.004) | (0.0003) | (0.004) |
Disasters in prior 3 years (log) | -0.130*** | -0.142*** | 0.030 | -0.248** | -0.013** | -0.016** | 0.008 | -0.029*** |
| (0.043) | (0.055) | (0.060) | (0.104) | (0.006) | (0.007) | (0.007) | (0.011) |
Resource rents (pct. of GDP) | -0.019** | 0.052*** | -0.012 | 0.054*** | -0.005*** | 0.006*** | -0.004*** | 0.006** |
| (0.008) | (0.015) | (0.009) | (0.017) | (0.001) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.003) |
XRCOMP | 0.491*** | 0.335* | 0.366** | 0.379* | 0.082*** | 0.048* | 0.075*** | 0.050* |
| (0.142) | (0.179) | (0.161) | (0.201) | (0.022) | (0.028) | (0.024) | (0.029) |
PARCOMP | 0.096 | -0.258*** | 0.008 | -0.304*** | 0.015 | -0.036** | 0.003 | -0.041** |
| (0.076) | (0.089) | (0.085) | (0.106) | (0.011) | (0.015) | (0.012) | (0.016) |
IGO memberships | 0.030*** | 0.004 | 0.025*** | -0.010 | 0.003*** | -0.002 | 0.002*** | -0.003** |
| (0.003) | (0.010) | (0.005) | (0.012) | (0.0004) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) |
Executive right | -0.087 | 0.130 | -0.048 | -0.001 | -0.007 | 0.015 | 0.001 | -0.004 |
| (0.110) | (0.118) | (0.129) | (0.151) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.016) | (0.018) |
Executive left | -0.132 | 0.078 | -0.090 | -0.012 | -0.021 | -0.007 | -0.017 | -0.024 |
| (0.108) | (0.116) | (0.134) | (0.148) | (0.015) | (0.015) | (0.017) | (0.019) |
CSO repression | 0.218*** | 0.038 | 0.234*** | 0.063 | 0.038*** | 0.021 | 0.040*** | 0.032** |
| (0.056) | (0.077) | (0.071) | (0.101) | (0.009) | (0.013) | (0.010) | (0.016) |
Presidential democracy | 0.107 | -0.558** | 0.247* | -0.254 | 0.025* | 0.010 | 0.043*** | 0.053 |
| (0.097) | (0.270) | (0.133) | (0.294) | (0.013) | (0.042) | (0.016) | (0.044) |
Leader age | -0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.005 | -0.001 | -0.001 | -0.0001 | 0.00001 |
| (0.004) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.006) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) |
Female | 0.024 | -0.122 | -0.065 | -0.291 | 0.011 | -0.003 | 0.003 | -0.007 |
| (0.155) | (0.177) | (0.189) | (0.259) | (0.022) | (0.023) | (0.024) | (0.029) |
|
Country dummies? | N | Y | N | Y | N | Y | N | Y |
Observations | 2,053 | 2,053 | 2,053 | 2,053 | 2,053 | 2,053 | 2,053 | 2,053 |
R2 | 0.959 | 0.971 | 0.944 | 0.958 | | | | |
Adjusted R2 | 0.958 | 0.969 | 0.942 | 0.954 | | | | |
Log Likelihood | | | | | -4,356.488 | -4,177.144 | -4,652.007 | -4,456.684 |
Akaike Inf. Crit. | | | | | 8,816.977 | 8,642.288 | 9,408.014 | 9,201.369 |
|
*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01 |
Note: Robust (HC1) standard errors in parentheses. |
Country- and year dummies included but omitted from table output. |